ISOME KATIBA/constitution YA JAMH.YA MUU. YA TAZ.
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A
country's constitution may be defined as that country's basic or
fundamental law, which lays down its executive, legislative and judicial
institutions. It describes the functions of each of those institutions,
and provides for the distribution of powers among them. The present Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania 1977, fits exactly into the above definition. It has a total of ten chapters.
Chapter One declares the fundamental
principles of state policy and the fundamental rights and duties of the
country's citizens. Chapter two through six provides provisions for the
establishment of the three branches of state authority, namely the
Executive, the Legislature and the Judiciary; and describes the
distribution of powers and functions among them.
Chapter Seven provides provisions
regarding the finances of the United Republic. Chapter Eight establishes
the local government authorities of the cities, municipalities and the
rural districts. Chapter Nine makes provisions for the existence and
control of the Armed Forces of the United Republic.
The last chapter, which is Chapter Ten,
provides essential miscellaneous provisions, such as the procedure for
the resignation of persons who hold any of the offices which are
established by the Constitution, and also provides definitions for some
of the terms which are used in the Constitution.
Constitution Making VS Amending the Constitution
Enacting a new constitution of a country
or state is a separate and distinct process from that of amending an
existing constitution. The established practice in Tanzania and other
Commonwealth African countries, is that a new constitution is enacted by
a legislative body generally known as a Constitutional Assembly: while
an existing constitution is amended by Parliament itself, which uses
special procedures in carrying out this special legislative
function. This section provides information on the Constitution Review Commission
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